Karolina Ekholm is a professor at the Department of Economics at Stockholm University. Currently, she is on leave to serve as Director General of the Swedish National Debt Office. Ekholm is also chair on the board of the Expert Group on Public Economics (ESO) and the board of the Center for Monetary Policy and Financial Stability (CeMoF). She obtained her PhD from Lund University in 1995 and has since then held positions at Sveriges Riksbank, the Research Institute of Industrial Economics, the Stockholm School of Economics and Stockholm University. Her research mainly deals with international economics and macroeconomics, particularly issues related to monetary and fiscal policy.