Olivier Garnier is Director General for Economics and International at Banque de France. He is a member of the Banque de France Executive Committee. Before joining Banque de France in September 2017, he was the Group Chief Economist of Société Générale and a member of the Group’s General Management Committee. He has also been Deputy-CEO and Chief Investment Officer of Société Générale Asset Management. He started his career at the French Ministry of Finance where he held various positions. In particular, he was the Economic Adviser to the Finance Minister from 1994 to 1997, and to the Treasury’s Director in 1992-1993. He also served as an economist at the US Federal Reserve Board in Washington DC from 1990 to1992. Olivier Garnier is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board to the French Financial Market Authority and of the Supervisory Committee of the French pension system. He has also been a member of the Economic Advisory Council to the French Prime Minister from 2002 to 2012. He is a graduate of Ecole Polytechnique, Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l’Administration Economique (ENSAE), and the University of Paris-Dauphine.