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Discussion Paper Details

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Title: Expectations, Stagnation and Fiscal Policy

Author(s): George W. Evans, Seppo Honkapohja and Kaushik Mitra

Publication Date: August 2016

Keyword(s): Adaptive Learning, Deflation, Expectations, Fiscal policy, New Keynesian Model, Output Multiplier and Stagnation

Programme Area(s): Monetary Economics and Fluctuations

Abstract: Stagnation as the new norm and fiscal policy are examined in a New Keynesian model with adaptive learning determining expectations. We impose inflation and consumption lower bounds, which can be relevant when agents are pessimistic. The inflation target is locally stable under learning. Pessimistic initial expectations may sink the economy into steady-state stagnation with deflation. The deflation rate can be near zero for discount factors near one or if credit frictions are present. Following a severe pessimistic expectations shock a large temporary fiscal stimulus is needed to avoid or emerge from stagnation. A modest stimulus is sufficient if implemented early.

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Bibliographic Reference

Evans, G, Honkapohja, S and Mitra, K. 2016. 'Expectations, Stagnation and Fiscal Policy'. London, Centre for Economic Policy Research. https://cepr.org/active/publications/discussion_papers/dp.php?dpno=11428