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Discussion Paper Details

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Title: Who Voted for Brexit? A Comprehensive District-Level Analysis

Author(s): Sascha O. Becker, Thiemo Fetzer and Dennis Novy

Publication Date: May 2022

Keyword(s): austerity, EU, globalisation, migration, political economy, Referendum, Scotland, UK and voting

Programme Area(s): International Trade and Regional Economics, Labour Economics and Public Economics

Abstract: On 23 June 2016, the British electorate voted to leave the European Union. We analyze vote and turnout shares across 380 local authority areas in the United Kingdom. We find that exposure to the EU in terms of immigration and trade provides relatively little explanatory power for the referendum vote. Instead, we find that fundamental characteristics of the voting population were key drivers of the Vote Leave share, in particular their education profiles, their historical dependence on manufacturing employment as well as low income and high unemployment. At the much finer level of wards within cities, we find that areas with deprivation in terms of education, income and employment were more likely to vote Leave. Our results indicate that a higher turnout of younger voters, who were more likely to vote Remain, would not have overturned the referendum result.

For full details and related downloads, please visit: https://cepr.org/active/publications/discussion_papers/dp.php?dpno=11954

Bibliographic Reference

Becker, S, Fetzer, T and Novy, D. 2022. 'Who Voted for Brexit? A Comprehensive District-Level Analysis'. London, Centre for Economic Policy Research. https://cepr.org/active/publications/discussion_papers/dp.php?dpno=11954