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Discussion Paper Details

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Title: Gender: An Historical Perspective

Author(s): Paola Giuliano

Publication Date: July 2017

Keyword(s): Cultural persistence, cultural transmission and Gender

Programme Area(s): Labour Economics

Abstract: Social attitudes toward women vary significantly across societies. This chapter reviews recent empirical research on various historical determinants of contemporary differences in gender roles and gender gaps across societies, and how these differences are transmitted from parents to children and therefore persist until today. We review work on the historical origin of differences in female labor-force participation, fertility, education, marriage arrangements, competitive attitudes, domestic violence, and other forms of difference in gender norms. Most of the research illustrates that differences in cultural norms regarding gender roles emerge in response to specific historical situations, but tend to persist even after the historical conditions have changed. We also discuss the conditions under which gender norms either tend to be stable or change more quickly.

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Bibliographic Reference

Giuliano, P. 2017. 'Gender: An Historical Perspective'. London, Centre for Economic Policy Research. https://cepr.org/active/publications/discussion_papers/dp.php?dpno=12183