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Title: Fiscal Consolidations in a Low Inflation Environment:Pay cuts versus Lost Jobs

Author(s): Guilherme de Almeida Bandeira, Evi Pappa, Rana Sajedi and Eugenia Vella

Publication Date: September 2017

Keyword(s): fiscal consolidation, Public Wage Bill and zero lower bound

Programme Area(s): International Macroeconomics and Finance

Abstract: We construct a model of a monetary union to study fiscal consolidation in the Periphery of the Euro area, through cuts in public sector wages or hiring when the nominal interest rate is constrained at its lower bound. Consolidation induces a posi- tive wealth effect that increases demand, as well as a reallocation of workers towards the private sector, which together boost private activity. However, in a low inflation environment, demand is suppressed and the private sector is not able to absorb the additional workers. Comparing the two instruments, cuts in public hiring increase un- employment persistently in this environment, while wage cuts can reduce it. Regions with higher mobility of labor between the two sectors are able to consolidate more effectively. Price flexibility is also key at the zero lower bound: for a higher degree of price rigidity in the Periphery, consolidation becomes harder to achieve. Consolidations can be self-defeating when the public good is productive.

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Bibliographic Reference

de Almeida Bandeira, G, Pappa, E, Sajedi, R and Vella, E. 2017. 'Fiscal Consolidations in a Low Inflation Environment:Pay cuts versus Lost Jobs'. London, Centre for Economic Policy Research. https://cepr.org/active/publications/discussion_papers/dp.php?dpno=12310