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Discussion Paper Details

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Title: Around the European Periphery 1870-1913: Globalization, Schooling and Growth

Author(s): Kevin Hjortsh�j O'Rourke and Jeffrey G Williamson

Publication Date: February 1996

Keyword(s): Convergence, Education, Globalization and History

Programme Area(s): Human Resources

Abstract: On average, the poor European periphery converged on the rich industrial core in the four or five decades prior to World War I. Some, like the three Scandinavian economies, used industrialization to achieve a spectacular convergence on the leaders, especially in real wages and living standards. Some, like Ireland, achieved convergence without industrialization. Some, like Italy, underwent a less spectacular catch-up, which was limited to the industrializing North. Some, like Iberia, actually fell back. What accounts for this variety? What role did trade and tariff policy play? What about emigration and capital flows? What about schooling? We offer a tentative assessment of these contending explanations and conclude that globalization was by far the dominant force accounting for convergence (and divergence) around the periphery. Some exploited it well, and some badly.

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Bibliographic Reference

O'Rourke, K and Williamson, J. 1996. 'Around the European Periphery 1870-1913: Globalization, Schooling and Growth'. London, Centre for Economic Policy Research. https://cepr.org/active/publications/discussion_papers/dp.php?dpno=1343