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Title: How do trade and communication costs shape the spatial organization of firms?

Author(s): Toshitaka Gokan, Sergey Kichko and Jacques-François Thisse

Publication Date: October 2019

Keyword(s): Communication costs, horizontal firm, Region, Transportation Costs and vertical firm

Programme Area(s): International Trade and Regional Economics

Abstract: We consider an economic geography setting in which firms are free to choose one of the following organizational types: (i) integrated firms, which perform all their activities at the same location, (ii) horizontal firms, which operate several plants producing the same good at different locations, and (iii) vertical firms, which perform distinct activities at separated locations. We show that there exists a unique organizational equilibrium, which typically involves the coexistence of various organizational forms. We also give necessary and sufficient conditions for the three types of firms to coexist within the same region and show that transportation and communication costs have opposite effects on firms' organizational choices. This suggests that, depending on its nature, the supply of a new transportation infrastructure may lead to contrasted locational patterns.

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Bibliographic Reference

Gokan, T, Kichko, S and Thisse, J. 2019. 'How do trade and communication costs shape the spatial organization of firms?'. London, Centre for Economic Policy Research. https://cepr.org/active/publications/discussion_papers/dp.php?dpno=14045