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Discussion Paper Details

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Title: Globalization, Redistribution, and the Size of Government

Author(s): Raphael Espinoza, Jonathan D. Ostry and Xiaoxiao Zhang

Publication Date: November 2019

Keyword(s): Financial Liberalization, Government size, redistribution and Trade openness

Programme Area(s): Development Economics, International Macroeconomics and Finance, Macroeconomics and Growth and Public Economics

Abstract: This paper investigates how trade and financial globalization affect government decisions to redistribute via spending and taxation, using a large panel covering around 100 democratic countries over the period 1970-2015. We use a time-varying external instrument in regressions with fixed and time effects in order to overcome endogeneity concerns that have plagued the earlier literature. Our findings support the view that more open economies have bigger governments. The paper also examines the impact of globalization on different types of social spending and taxes. We find that trade openness increases the tax burden on labor income and reduces the tax burden on capital income and that financial openness reduces corporate income tax rates. In addition, exposure to trade pushes governments to spend more on labor programs and family benefits. Finally, the paper does not find that political institutions affect the sensitivity of public spending to globalization.

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Bibliographic Reference

Espinoza, R, Ostry, J and Zhang, X. 2019. 'Globalization, Redistribution, and the Size of Government'. London, Centre for Economic Policy Research. https://cepr.org/active/publications/discussion_papers/dp.php?dpno=14137