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Title: Optimal Monetary and Fiscal Policy in a Currency Union

Author(s): Jordi Gal� and Tommaso Monacelli

Publication Date: November 2005

Keyword(s): countercyclical policy, inflation differentials, monetary union and sticky prices

Programme Area(s): International Macroeconomics

Abstract: We lay out a tractable model for fiscal and monetary policy analysis in a currency union, and analyse its implications for the optimal design of such policies. Monetary policy is conducted by a common central bank, which sets the interest rate for the union as a whole. Fiscal policy is implemented at the country level, through the choice of government spending level. The model incorporates country-specific shocks and nominal rigidities. Under our assumptions, the optimal monetary policy requires that inflation be stabilized at the union level. On the other hand, the relinquishment of an independent monetary policy, coupled with nominal price rigidities, generates a stabilization role for fiscal policy, one beyond the efficient provision of public goods. Interestingly, the stabilizing role for fiscal policy is shown to be desirable not only from the viewpoint of each individual country, but also from that of the union as a whole. In addition, our paper offers some insights on two aspects of policy design in currency unions: (i) the conditions for equilibrium determinacy and (ii) the effects of exogenous government spending variations.

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Bibliographic Reference

Gal�, J and Monacelli, T. 2005. 'Optimal Monetary and Fiscal Policy in a Currency Union'. London, Centre for Economic Policy Research. https://cepr.org/active/publications/discussion_papers/dp.php?dpno=5374