Discussion paper
DP17939 A Welfare Analysis of Gambling in Video Games
In 2020, gamers spent more than $15 billion on loot boxes, lotteries of virtual items in video games. Loot boxes are contentious. Regulators argue they constitute gambling, while game producers maintain they complement gameplay. In a prototypical mobile puzzle game we show that gameplay complementarity accounts only for 3% of loot box value for high-spending players. In contrast, the majority of players open loot boxes predominantly for gameplay complementarity. The company designs the game trading off revenue from high-spending players and engagement from other players. Our estimates challenge a debated blanket ban on loot boxes and support spending caps.
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