Oliver is a senior researcher (Directeur de Recherche) at the French CNRS and a Chaired Professor at the Paris School of Economics. He obtained his PhD from the London School of Economics in 2012. In 2013-2014, he was a visiting research fellow in Princeton University. He is currently the co-director of the PSE master in Public Policy and Development. He has been the co-director of the Development Economics Research group at PSE. He will be the deputy director of research at PSE (starting in January 2025). Oliver is also the Head of Engagement and a Theme Leader for the Reducing Conflict and Improving Performance in the Economy (ReCIPE) research programme. Most of his research focuses on conflict or on security forces. He has worked on how agricultural income shocks and natural resources affect violence dynamics in India's Maoist conflict. In more historical work, he has studied how military recruitment in colonial India contributed to literacy development. He has an ongoing research agenda that focuses on the organisational aspects of security interventions in conflict zones. As part of this agenda, he has studied the security transition between NATO and the Afghan forces in Afghanistan. In ongoing work, he also evaluates cooperation between national armies in the Sahel region, or between NATO allies in Afghanistan. His research on conflict has been published in the American Economic Review, the Economic Journal, the Review of Economics and Statistics, the American Economic Journal: Policy, the American Journal of Political Science, and the Journal of Human Resources.