Professor of Economics at the University of Oxford, having previously been an academic at the University of Cambridge (1977-1983), London School of Economics (1983-1988), Tilburg University (1985-1991) and the European University Institute, Florence (1988, 2003-7), a Chief Financial Spokesperson in the Dutch Parliament (1994-98), a State Secretary for Education, Culture and Science (1998-2002) and an elected member of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee (2003-7). Currently, also affiliated with CEPR and CESifo.
Although most of his work has been on macroeconomics and public finance, he currently works on the economics of climate change and on natural resources with side interests in higher education reform and economics of art and culture. He earned his Ph.D. in Engineering from the University of Cambridge.

VoxEU Column
A new way to price carbon: Understanding the social cost of carbon
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- Climate Change

VoxEU Column
Carbon tax reform: Fair, efficient, and budget-neutral
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- Climate Change 
- Taxation

VoxEU Column
Bad samaritans in foreign aid
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- Development

VoxEU Column
The new curse of critical minerals
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- Development 
- Energy

VoxEU Column
The political economy of adapting to climate change
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- Climate Change 
- Politics and economics