DP11542 Incentivizing Safer Sexual Behavior: Evidence from a Lottery Experiment on HIV Prevention

• Martina Björkman Nyqvist Damien de Walque Lucia Corno Jakob Svensson
28 Sep 2016

The need for effective HIV prevention programs, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa,
remains urgent. We investigate the effect of a financial lottery program in Lesotho
with relatively low expected payments but a chance to win a high prize conditional
on negative test results for sexually transmitted infections. The intervention resulted
in a 21.4% reduction in HIV incidence over two years. Lottery incentives appear to
be particularly effective in targeting individuals with ex ante risky sexual behavior,
consistent with the hypothesis that lotteries are more valued by individuals willing to
take risks.